Hubungan Faktor Terpilih dengan Tekad Keusahawanan Pelajar di Kolej Vokasional Zon Tengah, Semenanjung Malaysia
Abstract
Kolej vokasional (KV) memberi peluang kepada pelajar kategori lemah dan sederhana pencapaian akademik melanjutkan pelajaran dalam pelbagai aliran kemahiran mengikut bakat dan minat masing-masing. Kementerian menetapkan sasaran sebanyak 10 peratus daripada mereka menceburi bidang keusahawanan. Walau bagaimanapun, peratusan graduan yang bekerja sendiri di KV adalah rendah berbanding graduan politeknik dan kolej komuniti iaitu 7.7 peratus pada tahun 2018. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara norma sosial, sikap dan efikasi kendiri keusahawanan dengan tekad keusahawanan di 16 buah KV meliputi Selangor, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur dan Negeri Sembilan. Seramai 244 orang pelajar tahun 1 Diploma Vokasional Malaysia telah dipilih sebagai responden kajian menggunakan teknik pensampelan rawak berkelompok mengikut negeri. Hasil kajian mendapati efikasi kendiri dan tekad keusahawanan pelajar KV berada pada tahap sederhana, manakala norma sosial dan sikap keusahawanan berada pada tahap tertinggi. Analisis kolerasi pula menunjukkan hubungan positif yang kuat serta signifikan antara sikap dan efikasi kendiri keusahawanan dengan tekad keusahawanan. Walau bagaimanapun, norma sosial dan tekad keusahawanan menunjukkan hubungan positif yang signifikan dengan kekuatan korelasi yang sederhana. Ini menunjukkan sikap dan efikasi kendiri keusahawanan adalah penting dalam pembentukan tekad keusahawanan dalam kalangan pelajar-pelajar KV. Namun begitu, dorongan dan sokongan masih juga diperlukan apabila mereka terlibat dalam aktiviti keusahawanan. Pengalaman yang diperolehi akan menguatkan kepercayaan terhadap diri sendiri dan seterusnya lebih meningkatkan tekad keusahawanan mereka untuk menceburkan diri dalam bidang keusahawanan.
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