Instrumen Literasi Pentaksiran Terbeza Guru dalam Konteks Pendidikan di Malaysia: Sorotan Literatur Bersistematik
Abstract
Pentaksiran terbeza merupakan amalan pentaksiran sistematik dalam menerima pelbagai kaedah penilaian sebagai bahan bukti hasil pembelajaran murid di dalam bilik darjah. Dilaksanakan seiring dengan intruksional dan bahan terbeza bagi murid pelbagai latar belakang, ia menjadi kayu ukur kejayaan proses pengajaran dan pemudah caraan berlandaskan pendekatan terbeza serta berupaya memberikan maklum balas bermakna bagi semua pihak untuk mengurangkan jurang pendidikan di dalam bilik darjah. Pentaksiran terbeza mempunyai kelebihan signifikan bagi membantu guru menilai perkembangan setiap murid serta melaksanakan aktiviti pengajaran yang seiring dengan pencapaian murid. Maka, kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti instrumen literasi pentaksiran terbeza guru dari seluruh dunia serta menganalisis konstruk yang digunakan dalam instrumen berkenaan menggunakan kaedah sorotan literatur bersistematik. Metod yang diguna pakai ialah berdasarkan aliran kerja Preferred Reporting Items for Systematics Review and Meta–Analyses (PRISMA) dan bertumpukan kepada tiga pangkalan data utama iaitu Web of Science, SCOPUS dan Google Scholar. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat 18 konstruk yang digunakan dalam 12 instrumen yang dinilai di mana konstruk pentaksiran berterusan, motivasi murid dan tahap pengetahuan guru didapati menjadi konstruk yang diguna pakai secara lebih meluas berbanding konstruk-konstruk lain. Instrumen yang dipilih merentasi 5 benua juga menunjukkan kesepakatan dalam penilaian literasi pentaksiran terbeza guru kerana kesemua instrumen tersebut menilai domain guru, murid dan persekitaran. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan mampu menjadi panduan bagi literasi pentaksiran terbeza guru serta penambahbaikan amalan pentaksiran di dalam bilik darjah. Di samping itu, hasil kajian ini juga berupaya memberikan sumbangan penting kepada pembinaan instrumen literasi pentaksiran terbeza yang khusus bagi guru di Malaysia.
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References
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