Kesan Pindaan Akta 446 dan Akta 265 Terhadap Hak Pekerja Asing di Malaysia
Abstract
Artikel ini mengkaji kesan pindaan Akta Standard Minimum Perumahan, Penginapan dan Kemudahan Pekerja 1990 (Akta 446) dan Akta Kerja 1955 (Akta 265) ke atas perlindungan perburuhan berhubung hak pekerja asing di Malaysia. Kelemahan rangka kerja perundangan berhubung pekerja asing di Malaysia seperti undang-undang buruh yang lapuk, pergantungan tinggi kepada syarikat pembekal buruh asing, dan kekurangan akauntabiliti majikan menjadi penghalang kepada pekerja migran untuk akses kepada undang-undang yang adil. Dua (2) undang-undang buruh telah dipinda pada tahun 2019 dan 2022 berdasarkan piawaian Pertubuhan Buruh Antarabangsa (ILO): Akta 446 dan Akta 265. Pindaan tersebut mengangkat prinsip kesamarataan antara pekerja tempatan dan pekerja asing dalam aspek perlindungan berkanun, meningkatkan akauntabiliti majikan untuk menjaga kebajikan pekerja migran mereka, dan menangani isu buruh paksa. Pindaan ke atas undang-undang ini menunjukkan usaha kerajaan dalam menyelesaikan ketegangan dalam pengurusan migrasi di Malaysia dengan memastikan keseimbangan antara kebajikan pekerja migran, dan keperluan pasaran buruh. Kajian ini adalah kajian penyelidikan kualitatif yang menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan perundangan doktrinal. Kajian ini pada asasnya melibatkan analisis dokumen terhadap kedua-dua sumber data primer dan sekunder. Pada peringkat ini, proses pengumpulan data adalah berdasarkan penelitian laporan, statistik, media massa dan jurnal. Ulasan ke atas Akta 265, Akta 446, peraturan dan garis panduan yang berkaitan dengan penggajian dan penginapan pekerja asing juga disemak untuk pemahaman dan rujukan kajian ini.
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References
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