Kesan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah Berbantukan Peta Pemikiran Terhadap Pemikiran Kritikal Pelajar dalam Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi
Abstract
Kajian ini bertujuan menentukan keberkesanan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah (PBM) berbantukan peta pemikiran (PP) iaitu kaedah PBMPP terhadap pemikiran kritikal murid dalam mata pelajaran Ekonomi. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuasi eksperimen dengan responden kajian terdiri daripada 96 orang murid yang dipilih secara rawak dari tiga kelas tingkatan 4 yang dikenali sebagai kumpulan rawatan dan kumpulan kawalan. Kumpulan rawatan adalah kumpulan PBMPP (n=32) dan PBM (n=31) manakala kumpulan kawalan adalah kaedah tradisional (TDR) (n=33). Ujian pra dan ujian pos telah dijalan dengan menggunakan satu alat kajian iaitu pemikiran kritikal menggunakan ujian pencapaian Ekonomi. Bagi menentukan perbezaan antara kumpulan rawatan dan kumpulan kawalan, data ujian pra dan pos dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik inferensi iaitu menggunakan ujian ANOVA, MANOVA, ANCOVA dan MANCOVA. Hasil kajian mendapati skor kumpulan PBMPP mengatasi PBM dan TDR secara signifikan dalam pemikiran kritikal iaitu kemahiran membanding beza, membuat urutan, mengenalpasti sebab akibat, mengklasfikasi. Namun dalam kemahiran menilai, walaupun kumpulan PBMPP mengatasi TDR tetapi tidak wujud perbezaan yang ketara PBMPP berbanding PBM. Hasil kajian mencadangkan penggunaan peta pemikiran sebagai perancahan dalam PBM berkesan dalam memupuk pemikiran kritikal murid tingkatan Empat dalam mata pelajaran Ekonomi.
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