Kepuasan Kerja dan Burnout Guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Daerah Langkawi
Keywords:
kepuasan kerja, burnout, guru pendidikan jasmani, tekanan guru, Langkawi
Abstract
Kepuasan kerja yang tinggi amat penting untuk mengelakkan terjadinya gejala burnout dalam kalangan guru di sekolah. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap kepuasan kerja dan tahap burnout guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Daerah Langkawi. Selain itu, kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara kepuasan kerja dan burnout guru PJ. Hasil kajian ini mungkin dapat memberi gambaran tentang fenomena burnout dalam kalangan pendidik terutamanya guru PJ. Kajian ini merupakan kajian tinjauan yang melibatkan seramai 101 orang responden serta menggunakan borang soal selidik Job Descriptive Index (JDI) dan Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) sebagai instrumen kajian. Data yang dikumpul telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) versi 22.0. Secara keseluruhannya, tahap kepuasan kerja guru berada pada tahap yang tinggi. Dimensi penyeliaan, rakan sekerja, gaji dan kerja itu sendiri mencatatkan tahap kepuasan tinggi kecuali dimensi kenaikan pangkat yang mencatatkan tahap sederhana. Tahap burnout guru juga berada pada tahap sederhana bagi sub skala keletihan emosi, rendah bagi subskala depersonalisasi dan tinggi bagi sub skala pencapaian peribadi. Hasil kajian ujian analisis korelasi turut mendapati terdapat hubungan negatif yang lemah dan signifikan antara kepuasan kerja dengan dua sub skala burnout iaitu keletihan emosi dan depersonalisasi. Gejala burnout boleh dielakkan jika guru mendapat kepuasan kerja yang sepatutnya dengan mengekalkan persekitaran kerja yang menyeronokkan dan tekanan kerja yang minimum. Pihak atasan sekolah perlu lebih peka dengan kebajikan guru yang mengajar supaya kualiti pendidikan lebih terjamin bagi membantu kemenjadian murid terutama dalam menempuhi pembelajaran abad ke-21.
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References
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Ajang, L., & Abu Bakar, K. (2019). Burnout Among Early Childhood Education Teachers: Causes and Implications. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 4, 359–372. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.4310031
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Badawy, S. M. (2015). Egyptian Teachers’ Burnout: The Role of Work Environment Characteristics and Job Stress. Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 3(4), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.12691/jbms-3-4-1
Chua, Y. P. (2011). Kaedah Penyelidikan. Selangor: McGraw Hill (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.
Esfandiari, R., & Kamali, M. (2016). On the Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Teacher Burnout, and Teacher Autonomy. Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies, 8(2), 73–98.
Hassan, N., & Wahab, J. A. (2017). Kepuasan Kerja Dalam Kalangan Guru Di Sekolah Menengah Zon Bangsar. Seminar Pendidikan Serantau Ke-VIII, 401–408. https://seminarserantau2017.files.wordpress.com/2017/09/48-norhazwani-hassan.pdf
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Ishak, R. (2015). Hubungan Burnout dengan Kepuasan Kerja dalam kalangan Guru-guru Kemahiran Hidup Bersepadu (KHB) Sekolah Menengah di Daerah Batu Pahat. UniversitiTun Hussien Onn.
Ismail, N. M. Z., Wahab, J. A., & Hassan, R. M. (2016). Kepuasan Kerja Guru dan Perbezaannya Berdasarkan Pencapaian Sekolah. Jurnal Personalia Pelajar, 19(1), 49–54.
Jamaludin, I. I., & You, H. W. (2019). Burnout in relation to Gender, Teaching Experience, and Educational Level among Educators. Hindawi Education Research International, 2019, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7349135
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Kroupis, I., Kouli, O., & Kourtessis, T. (2019). Physical education teacher’s job satisfaction and burnout levels in relation to school’s sport facilities. International Journal of Instruction, 12(4), 579–592. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12437a
Locke, E. A. (1976) The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction. In: Dunnette, M.P., Ed., Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Rand McNally, Chicago, 1297-1350.
Louw, D., George, E., & Esterhuyse, K. (2011). Burnout amongst urban secondary school teachers in Namibia. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 37(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v37i1.1008
Mahmod, N. L., Sarif, S. A., & Hamzah, H. M. (2018). Tahap Burnout dan Kepuasan Kerja dalam Kalangan Pensyarah di Kolej Komuniti Selandar dan Politeknik Melaka. 1–18.
Mansor, N. A., Ali, J. M., Samin, Z., & Ma’sum, A. R. (2015). Faktor Kepuasan Kerja dalam Kalangan Pensyarah Kolej Komuniti Ledang dan Kolej Komuniti Pagoh. 1st National Conference on Business & Innovation 2015, 53(1976), 492–502.
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. In Annual Review of Psychology (Vol. 52, pp. 397–422). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397
Matiang’i, J., Makewa, L. N., & Role, E. (2016). School Factors and Teacher Burnout: A Perception. Open Access Library Journal, 3(e2996), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1102996
Mohamad, J., & Yaacob, N. R. N. (2013). Kajian Tentang Kepuasan Bekerja Dalam Kalangan Guru-Guru Pendidikan Khas. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education, 28, 103–115.
Okeke, C. I., & Mtyuda, P. N. (2017). Teacher Job Dissatisfaction: Implications for Teacher Sustainability and Social Transformation. Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, 19(1), 54–68. https://doi.org/10.1515/jtes-2017-0004
Ooi, P. W., & Abdullah, A. G. K. (2016). Burnout and Job Satisfaction Among Teachers in Chinese Independent Secondary School. International Journal of Elementary Education, 5(5), 47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeedu.20160505.11
Rahman, N. H. A., & Mansor, A. N. (2018). Kepuasan Kerja dalam Kalangan Guru Sekolah Agama: Satu Kajian Kes di Sekolah Menengah Agama MAIWP, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur. Prosiding Seminar Kebangsaan Majlis Dekan Pendidikan Universiti Awam 2018, 963–974.
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Roy, J. J., & Kumar, A. M. (2018). Relationship between burnout and job satisfaction among the teachers in engineering institutes. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(1), 705–717.
Rusdin, N. M., & Ali, S. R. (2013). Amalan Dan Cabaran Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21. Proceedings of Islamic Civilization and Technology Management, 2013–2025. https://www.tatiuc.edu.my/assets/files/ICTM19-Papers/ICTM-09.pdf
Ryan, S. V., von der Embse, N. P., Pendergast, L. L., Saeki, E., Segool, N., & Schwing, S. (2017). Leaving the teaching profession: The role of teacher stress and educational accountability policies on turnover intent. Teaching and Teacher Education, 66(August), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.03.016
Shen, B., McCaughtry, N., Martin, J., Garn, A., Kulik, N., & Fahlman, M. (2015). The relationship between teacher burnout and student motivation. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 85(4), 519–532. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12089
Sipon, S. (2010). Stres Kerja Guru - Punca, Kesan dan Strategi Daya Tindak.pdf. In Prosiding Seminar Profesion Perguruan (p. Seminar Profesion Perguruan).
Smetackova, I., Viktorova, I., Pavlas Martanova, V., Pachova, A., Francova, V., & Stech, S. (2019). Teachers between job satisfaction and burnout syndrome: What makes difference in Czech elementary schools. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(OCT), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02287
Spittle, M., Kremer, P., & Steven, S. (2015). Burnout in Secondary School Physical Education. Facta Universitatis - Physical Education and Sport, 13, 33–43.
Sulaiman, M. (2013). Hubungan Tekanan dengan Komitmen dan Kepuasan Kerja dalam Kalangan Guru Program Pendidikan Khas Integrasi Bermasalah Pembelajaran di Empat Buah Sekolah Rendah Daerah Pontian. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Szabo, E., & Jagodics, B. (2019). Teacher burnout in the light of workplace, organizational, and social factors. Hungarian Educational Research Journal, 9(3), 539–559. https://doi.org/10.1556/063.9.2019.3.44
Teles, R., Valle, A., Rodríguez, S., Piñeiro, I., & Regueiro, B. (2020). Perceived stress and indicators of burnout in teachers at Portuguese higher education institutions (HEI). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093248
Tsigilis, N., Zournatzi, E., & Koustelios, A. (2011). Burnout among physical education teachers in primary and secondary schools. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 1(7), 53–58. www.ijhssnet.com
Vousiopoulos, S., Kouli, O., Kourtessis, T., Tsitskari, E., & Dimoulas, D. (2019). Job satisfaction and burnout among greek teachers and physical education teachers: A comparison in minority and public sector schools in thrace. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 7(4), 52–60. https://doi.org/10.29252/aassjournal.786
Zulkafli, N., & Mahbob, M. H. (2020). Pengaruh Faktor Motivasi Terhadap Prestasi Kerja. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 4(June), 1–11.
Ahmadian, R., Farshbaf, M., & Vafaeian, M. (2015). The relationship between burnout and job satisfaction of physical education techers in Shabestar City. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 5(S2), 1235-1241.
Ajang, L., & Abu Bakar, K. (2019). Burnout Among Early Childhood Education Teachers: Causes and Implications. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 4, 359–372. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.4310031
Al-Adwan, F. E. Z., & Al-Khayat, M. M. (2017). Psychological Burnout in Early Childhood Teachers: Levels and Reasons. International Education Studies, 10(1), 179–189. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v10n1p179
Ali, S. K. S., Hassan, M. F. H., & Som, H. M. (2017). Tekanan dan Kepuasan Kerja dalam Kalangan Guru Pendidikan Jasmani. Journal of Global Business and Social Entrepreneurship (GBSE), 1, 122–135.
Awang, Z. (2012). Strategi pengajaran mata pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani yang berkesan. (Tesis sarjana tidak diterbitkan). Universiti Malaya, Malaysia.
Badawy, S. M. (2015). Egyptian Teachers’ Burnout: The Role of Work Environment Characteristics and Job Stress. Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 3(4), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.12691/jbms-3-4-1
Chua, Y. P. (2011). Kaedah Penyelidikan. Selangor: McGraw Hill (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.
Esfandiari, R., & Kamali, M. (2016). On the Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Teacher Burnout, and Teacher Autonomy. Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies, 8(2), 73–98.
Hassan, N., & Wahab, J. A. (2017). Kepuasan Kerja Dalam Kalangan Guru Di Sekolah Menengah Zon Bangsar. Seminar Pendidikan Serantau Ke-VIII, 401–408. https://seminarserantau2017.files.wordpress.com/2017/09/48-norhazwani-hassan.pdf
Herzberg, F. M. 1959. The Motivation to Work. (2nd. Ed.). New York: John Wile Y and Sons.
Ineme, K. M., & Ineme, M. E. (2016). Impact of job satisfaction and burnout on attitudes towards strike action among employees of a Nigerian university. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 38(6), 664–675. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2016.1211976
Ishak, R. (2015). Hubungan Burnout dengan Kepuasan Kerja dalam kalangan Guru-guru Kemahiran Hidup Bersepadu (KHB) Sekolah Menengah di Daerah Batu Pahat. UniversitiTun Hussien Onn.
Ismail, N. M. Z., Wahab, J. A., & Hassan, R. M. (2016). Kepuasan Kerja Guru dan Perbezaannya Berdasarkan Pencapaian Sekolah. Jurnal Personalia Pelajar, 19(1), 49–54.
Jamaludin, I. I., & You, H. W. (2019). Burnout in relation to Gender, Teaching Experience, and Educational Level among Educators. Hindawi Education Research International, 2019, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7349135
Kariming, N. F., & Ambotang, A. S. (2018). Hubungan Iklim Sekolah Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Guru Tingkatan 6 Zon Pantai Timur Sabah. Jurnal Komunikasi Borneo, 6, 53–64.
Kroupis, I., Kouli, O., & Kourtessis, T. (2019). Physical education teacher’s job satisfaction and burnout levels in relation to school’s sport facilities. International Journal of Instruction, 12(4), 579–592. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12437a
Locke, E. A. (1976) The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction. In: Dunnette, M.P., Ed., Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Rand McNally, Chicago, 1297-1350.
Louw, D., George, E., & Esterhuyse, K. (2011). Burnout amongst urban secondary school teachers in Namibia. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 37(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v37i1.1008
Mahmod, N. L., Sarif, S. A., & Hamzah, H. M. (2018). Tahap Burnout dan Kepuasan Kerja dalam Kalangan Pensyarah di Kolej Komuniti Selandar dan Politeknik Melaka. 1–18.
Mansor, N. A., Ali, J. M., Samin, Z., & Ma’sum, A. R. (2015). Faktor Kepuasan Kerja dalam Kalangan Pensyarah Kolej Komuniti Ledang dan Kolej Komuniti Pagoh. 1st National Conference on Business & Innovation 2015, 53(1976), 492–502.
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. In Annual Review of Psychology (Vol. 52, pp. 397–422). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397
Matiang’i, J., Makewa, L. N., & Role, E. (2016). School Factors and Teacher Burnout: A Perception. Open Access Library Journal, 3(e2996), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1102996
Mohamad, J., & Yaacob, N. R. N. (2013). Kajian Tentang Kepuasan Bekerja Dalam Kalangan Guru-Guru Pendidikan Khas. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education, 28, 103–115.
Okeke, C. I., & Mtyuda, P. N. (2017). Teacher Job Dissatisfaction: Implications for Teacher Sustainability and Social Transformation. Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, 19(1), 54–68. https://doi.org/10.1515/jtes-2017-0004
Ooi, P. W., & Abdullah, A. G. K. (2016). Burnout and Job Satisfaction Among Teachers in Chinese Independent Secondary School. International Journal of Elementary Education, 5(5), 47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeedu.20160505.11
Rahman, N. H. A., & Mansor, A. N. (2018). Kepuasan Kerja dalam Kalangan Guru Sekolah Agama: Satu Kajian Kes di Sekolah Menengah Agama MAIWP, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur. Prosiding Seminar Kebangsaan Majlis Dekan Pendidikan Universiti Awam 2018, 963–974.
Rohman, M. A. P. (2018). 4.4 peratus guru stres. Berita Harian Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2018/08/467001/44-peratus-guru-stres [Retrieved 5 Oktober 2020].
Roy, J. J., & Kumar, A. M. (2018). Relationship between burnout and job satisfaction among the teachers in engineering institutes. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(1), 705–717.
Rusdin, N. M., & Ali, S. R. (2013). Amalan Dan Cabaran Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21. Proceedings of Islamic Civilization and Technology Management, 2013–2025. https://www.tatiuc.edu.my/assets/files/ICTM19-Papers/ICTM-09.pdf
Ryan, S. V., von der Embse, N. P., Pendergast, L. L., Saeki, E., Segool, N., & Schwing, S. (2017). Leaving the teaching profession: The role of teacher stress and educational accountability policies on turnover intent. Teaching and Teacher Education, 66(August), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.03.016
Shen, B., McCaughtry, N., Martin, J., Garn, A., Kulik, N., & Fahlman, M. (2015). The relationship between teacher burnout and student motivation. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 85(4), 519–532. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12089
Sipon, S. (2010). Stres Kerja Guru - Punca, Kesan dan Strategi Daya Tindak.pdf. In Prosiding Seminar Profesion Perguruan (p. Seminar Profesion Perguruan).
Smetackova, I., Viktorova, I., Pavlas Martanova, V., Pachova, A., Francova, V., & Stech, S. (2019). Teachers between job satisfaction and burnout syndrome: What makes difference in Czech elementary schools. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(OCT), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02287
Spittle, M., Kremer, P., & Steven, S. (2015). Burnout in Secondary School Physical Education. Facta Universitatis - Physical Education and Sport, 13, 33–43.
Sulaiman, M. (2013). Hubungan Tekanan dengan Komitmen dan Kepuasan Kerja dalam Kalangan Guru Program Pendidikan Khas Integrasi Bermasalah Pembelajaran di Empat Buah Sekolah Rendah Daerah Pontian. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Szabo, E., & Jagodics, B. (2019). Teacher burnout in the light of workplace, organizational, and social factors. Hungarian Educational Research Journal, 9(3), 539–559. https://doi.org/10.1556/063.9.2019.3.44
Teles, R., Valle, A., Rodríguez, S., Piñeiro, I., & Regueiro, B. (2020). Perceived stress and indicators of burnout in teachers at Portuguese higher education institutions (HEI). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093248
Tsigilis, N., Zournatzi, E., & Koustelios, A. (2011). Burnout among physical education teachers in primary and secondary schools. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 1(7), 53–58. www.ijhssnet.com
Vousiopoulos, S., Kouli, O., Kourtessis, T., Tsitskari, E., & Dimoulas, D. (2019). Job satisfaction and burnout among greek teachers and physical education teachers: A comparison in minority and public sector schools in thrace. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 7(4), 52–60. https://doi.org/10.29252/aassjournal.786
Zulkafli, N., & Mahbob, M. H. (2020). Pengaruh Faktor Motivasi Terhadap Prestasi Kerja. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 4(June), 1–11.
Published
2021-05-10
How to Cite
Zainudin, N. H. and Muhamad, T. A. (2021) “Kepuasan Kerja dan Burnout Guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Daerah Langkawi”, Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(5), pp. 22 - 34. doi: 10.47405/mjssh.v6i5.798.
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