Keberkesanan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Jururawat: Sorotan Literatur Bersistematik
Abstract
Bidang penjagaan kesihatan yang kompleks memerlukan pendekatan pendidikan yang inovatif untuk melatih pelajar kejururawatan dengan berkesan. Pembelajaran berasaskan masalah-Problem Based Learning (PBL) telah muncul sebagai kaedah yang berkesan untuk meningkatkan kecekapan kejururawatan melalui penyelesaian masalah dunia sebenar. Ulasan literatur sistematik- Systematic Literature Review (SLR) ini menilai keberkesanan PBL dalam pendidikan kejururawatan dengan menganalisis 17 kajian yang berkaitan. Empat tema utama dikenal pasti iaitu peningkatan kemahiran klinikal, pemikiran kritikal, keupayaan menyelesaikan masalah, kompetensi praktikal dan teori, serta kepuasan dan motivasi pelajar. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa PBL meningkatkan kemahiran klinikal, pemikiran kritikal, dan aplikasi pengetahuan teori dalam amalan. Pendekatan PBL yang interaktif juga meningkatkan motivasi pembelajaran dan efikasi diri. Namun begitu, keberhasilan PBL memerlukan fasilitator terlatih, bahan berkualiti, dan sistem sokongan untuk mengurus cabaran seperti kebimbangan pelajar dan penyesuaian kepada pembelajaran kendiri. Hasil kajian menekankan keperluan untuk protokol PBL yang diseragamkan bagi memaksimumkan manfaatnya dalam pelbagai persekitaran pendidikan.
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References
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