Pola Penggunaan Bahasa pada Papan Tanda Nama Bangunan dan Premis di Banda Hilir, Melaka
Abstract
Kajian ini meneliti penggunaan bahasa pada papan tanda bangunan dan premis di sekitar Banda Hilir, Melaka. Tiga objektif kajian telah dibangunkan bagi membantu kajian ini iaitu (i) mengenal pasti kategori bangunan dan premis yang direpresentasikan melalui papan tanda, (ii) menganalisis pola penggunaan bahasa pada papan tanda nama bangunan dan premis, serta (iii) meneliti hubungan deskriptif antara kategori bangunan dan premis dengan bahasa digunakan. Data dikumpulkan melalui rakaman fotografi yang dibuat ketika kajian lapangan. Sebanyak 322 nama papan tanda direkodkan sebagai data boleh guna untuk kajian ini. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa kategori peruncitan dan pusat beli-belah serta kategori makanan dan minuman membentuk 64.0% korpus. Dapatan juga menunjukkan bahawa papan tanda ekabahasa mendominasi dengan 229 nama (71.1%), diikuti dwibahasa sebanyak 88 nama (27.3%) dan multibahasa sebanyak lima nama (1.6%). Bahasa Melayu hadir dalam 194 nama (60.2%), bahasa Inggeris dalam 141 nama (43.8%) dan bahasa Cina dalam 56 nama (17.4%), termasuk dalam kombinasi bahasa. Tabulasi silang menunjukkan bahawa pola bahasa berbeza mengikut kategori. Penggunaan bahasa Melayu paling menonjol dalam kategori (i) kerajaan, pendidikan, (ii) warisan dan (iii) keagamaan, manakala penggunaan bahasa Inggeris lebih ketara dalam kategori (i) penginapan dan kategori (ii) sektor komersial. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa kategori bangunan dan premis perlu dipertimbangkan dalam pentafsiran landskap linguistik di sesuatu kawasan. Setiap kategori memperlihatkan kecenderungan penggunaan bahasa yang berbeza dan perbezaan tersebut mungkin tidak dapat dikenal pasti jika data dianalisis secara keseluruhan sahaja.
Downloads
References
Ahmat Amin, S. M., Muhamad Parid, D., Adenan, H., & Zaid, D. S. (2024). Role of perceived authenticity in souvenir buying decisions among tourists in Bandar Hilir Melaka. Information Management and Business Review, 16(4[I]), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v16i4(I).4254
Backhaus, P. (2007). Linguistic landscapes: A comparative study of urban multilingualism in Tokyo. Multilingual Matters.
Ben-Rafael, E., Shohamy, E., Amara, M. H., & Trumper-Hecht, N. (2006). Linguistic landscape as symbolic construction of the public space: The case of Israel. In D. Gorter (Ed.), Linguistic landscape: A new approach to multilingualism (pp. 7–30). Multilingual Matters.
Bideau, F., & Kilani, M. (2012). Multiculturalism, cosmopolitanism, and making heritage in Malaysia: A view from the historic cities of the Straits of Malacca. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 18(6), 605–623. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2011.609997
Blackwood, R. J., & Tufi, S. (2012). Policies vs. non-policies: Analysing regional languages and the national standard in the linguistic landscape of French and Italian Mediterranean cities. In D. Gorter, H. F. Marten, & L. Van Mensel (Eds.), Minority languages in the linguistic landscape (pp. 109–126). Palgrave Macmillan.
Carr, J. R. C. (2019). Linguistic landscapes. In M. Aronoff (Ed.), Oxford bibliographies in linguistics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199772810-0251
Coluzzi, P., & Kitade, R. (2015). The languages of places of worship in the Kuala Lumpur area: A study on the “religious” linguistic landscape in Malaysia. Linguistic Landscape, 1(3), 243–267. https://doi.org/10.1075/ll.1.3.03col
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. (2026). Syarat pengesahan bahasa Melayu dalam iklan oleh Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP). https://dbpsahbahasa.my/TERMA%20DAN%20SYARAT%20PENGESAHAN%20BAHASA%20MELAYU%20DALAM%20IKLAN%20010726%20(kemas%20kini%2023%20Julai%202026).pdf
Goh, D. P. S. (2014). Between history and heritage: Post-colonialism, globalisation, and the remaking of Malacca, Penang, and Singapore. TRaNS: Trans-Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia, 2(1), 79–101. https://doi.org/10.1017/trn.2013.17
Gorter, D. (2006a). Introduction: The study of the linguistic landscape as a new approach to multilingualism. International Journal of Multilingualism, 3(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710608668382
Gorter, D. (Ed.). (2006b). Linguistic landscape: A new approach to multilingualism. Multilingual Matters.
Gu, C., & Coluzzi, P. (2025). Presence of ‘ARABIC’ in Kuala Lumpur’s multilingual linguistic landscape: Heritage, religion, identity, business and mobility. International Journal of Multilingualism, 22(3), 1473–1503. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2024.2356215
Husin, M. S., Ariffin, K., de Mello, G., Omar, N. H., & Anuardin, A. A. S. (2019). Mapping the linguistic landscape of Kuala Lumpur. International Journal of Modern Languages and Applied Linguistics, 3(4), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.24191/ijmal.v3i2.7362
Husin, N., Arimi, S., Jaafar, M. F., Harahap, S. E., & Ismail, S. (2026). Morphosyntactic analysis on the toponyms in Banda Hilir, Melaka. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 10(21), 1270–1280. https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2026.102100108
Hussain, K., & Ujang, N. (2014). Visitors’ identification of landmarks in the historic district of Banda Hilir, Melaka, Malaysia. Procedia—Social and Behavioral Sciences, 153, 689–699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.10.100
Hussain, K., & Ujang, N. (2018). Identification of landmarks in the historic district of Banda Hilir, Melaka, Malaysia. Asian Journal of Quality of Life, 3(9), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v3i9.81
Jabatan Perancangan Bandar dan Desa Semenanjung Malaysia. (2018). Garis panduan perancangan papan tanda premis perniagaan. PLANMalaysia.
Jiao, Y., & Singh, M. K. M. (2024). Linguistic landscape in George Town, Malaysia: Language visibility in a postcolonial and globalized context. Ampersand, 13, Article 100202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2024.100202
Landry, R., & Bourhis, R. Y. (1997). Linguistic landscape and ethnolinguistic vitality: An empirical study. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 16(1), 23–49. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X970161002
Manan, S. A., David, M. K., Dumanig, F. P., & Naqeebullah, K. (2015). Politics, economics and identity: Mapping the linguistic landscape of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. International Journal of Multilingualism, 12(1), 31–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2014.905581
Mansoor, S. S., Hamzah, N. H., & Shangeetha, R. K. (2023). Linguistic landscape in Malaysia: The case of language choice used in signboards. Studies in English Language and Education, 10(2), 1062–1083. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v10i2.28338
Majlis Bandaraya Melaka Bersejarah. (2010). Undang-Undang Kecil Iklan (Majlis Bandaraya Melaka Bersejarah) 2010. Kerajaan Negeri Melaka.
Mohamed, N. R. W., Abdul Hamid, S. S., Abdul Jabar, M., & Mukhtar, Z. A. (2023). The importance of street art in rejuvenating urban tourism in Bandar Hilir, Melaka. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(5). 2709-2720. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v13-i5/14888
Mohammad Fadzeli Jaafar, Sailal Arimi, Sukma Erni, & Nurhazlina Husin. (2025). Tipologi toponimi bahasa Melayu di Bengkalis. Jurnal Bahasa, 25(1), 159–178. https://doi.org/10.37052/jb25(1)no6
Nadeje. (n.d.). Frequently asked questions. https://nadeje.com.my/faqs/
Omar, N. H., Anuarudin, A. A. S., Husin @ Ma’mor, M. S., & Ariffin, K. (2020). Language choice and preferences: Mapping the linguistic landscape of Sentul, Malaysia. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 5(SI3), 25–30. https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI3.2529
Pavilion Bukit Jalil. (n.d.). Palsaik Korean BBQ. https://pavilion-bukitjalil.com/stores/palsaik-korean-bbq
Reh, M. (2004). Multilingual writing: A reader-oriented typology—with examples from Lira Municipality (Uganda). International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2004(170), 1–41. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl.2004.2004.170.1
Scollon, R., & Scollon, S. W. (2003). Discourses in place: Language in the material world. Routledge.
Shohamy, E., & Gorter, D. (Eds.). (2009). Linguistic landscape: Expanding the scenery. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203930960
Spolsky, B., & Cooper, R. L. (1991). The languages of Jerusalem. Clarendon Press.
Suruhanjaya Syarikat Malaysia. (n.d.). Garis panduan pendaftaran nama perniagaan. https://www.ssm.com.my/bm/Pages/Services/Registration-of-Business-%28ROB%29/Forms/garis_panduan_pendaftaran_nama_perniagaan_-_final.pdf
Wang, J. (2026). Translanguaging and multimodality in the linguistic landscape of a Chinese community in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. International Journal of Multilingualism, 23(1), 189–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2025.2517341
Wang, X., Koh, C. W., Choo, W. Y., & Leong, S. Y. (2025). The revival of Baba culture through linguistic landscape in Malacca, Malaysia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 46(4), 1196–1214. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2023.2230179
Weebers, R. C. M., & Ahmad, Y. (2009, April 14–16). The Dutch Fort of Melaka [Conference paper]. 4th ASEAN Post Graduate Seminar in Built Environment, Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Woo, W. S., & Nora Riget, P. (2022). Linguistic landscape in Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Malaysia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 43(5), 404–423. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2020.1742724
Yang, Z., & Wang, P. (2026). A panorama of linguistic landscape studies. International Journal of Multilingualism, 23(1), 1080–1085. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2025.2452328
Zhihui, M. (2024). Urban morphology and identity: The dock spaces of Melaka on the maritime silk road. The Journal of City: Branding and Authenticity, 2(1), 52–71. https://doi.org/10.61511/jcbau.v2i1.2024.911
