Memartabatkan Epistemologi Peribumi: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik Terhadap Pengintegrasian Elemen Budaya dalam Pembelajaran Matematik Orang Asli
Abstract
Kepelbagaian budaya yang rencam di Malaysia mahupun di peringkat global telah menuntut pengaplikasian pendekatan etnomatematik iaitu satu strategi pedagogi yang mengintegrasikan elemen budaya masyarakat ke dalam pembelajaran Matematik formal. Pendekatan ini secara strategik membantu murid memvisualisasikan konsep Matematik yang abstrak kepada bentuk konkrit yang lebih nyata. Walau bagaimanapun, melalui Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik (SLR) yang telah dijalankan, pengkaji mengenal pasti wujudnya jurang metodologi yang ketara dalam literatur sedia ada. Majoriti kajian lepas didapati lebih cenderung menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kaedah campuran bagi mengenal pasti elemen budaya namun masih kekurangan pendekatan kuantitatif yang mampu memberikan bukti numerik terhadap keberkesanan pengintegrasian tersebut. Di Malaysia, fokus penyelidikan terhadap komuniti Orang Asli didapati masih terhad dan terpinggir daripada arus perdana sekali gus menyebabkan objektif pendidikan inklusif sukar dicapai. Ketiadaan dokumentasi yang tuntas terhadap elemen unik bagi sub-etnik Orang Asli bukan sahaja menyukarkan proses pengenalpastian elemen budaya malah mengehadkan bukti jelas terhadap keberkesanan pengintegrasian etnomatematik dalam kalangan masyarakat tersebut. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan memeta penyelidikan semasa serta mengenal pasti bentuk-bentuk intervensi yang berpotensi dan menyediakan asas dokumentasi bagi memartabatkan pengetahuan budaya masyarakat Orang Asli dalam sistem pendidikan kebangsaan selari dengan prinsip keadilan pendidikan global.
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